OVERALL EVALUATION:
Important: Frontal crash test ratings can be compared only among vehicles of similar weight.
The Volvo S40 was introduced in the 2000 model year and structurally modified beginning with 2002 models to improve occupant protection in frontal crashes.
Restraints/dummy kinematics — Dummy movement was reasonably well controlled. During rebound, the dummy's head tilted outward, brushed the A-pillar, and continued partway out the open side window.
Injury measures — Measures taken from the head, neck, and chest indicate low risk of injuries to these body regions in a crash of this severity. Forces on the right tibia indicate that injuries to the lower leg would be possible. Head acceleration from the A-pillar hit was negligible.
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