HIGHWAY SAFETY RESEARCH & COMMUNICATIONS

Midsize moderately priced cars

Intrusion measures into the vehicle occupant compartment and peak injury measures recorded from the crash test dummies for the front moderate overlap tests, front small overlap tests (where applicable) and side tests, respectively, are provided in the tables below.

See our protocols page for detailed information on how to interpret these measures.

Note: All vehicles are listed alphabetically.

Side / Driver side B-pillar intrusion

  B-pillar to longitudinal centerline of driver's seat* (cm)
Audi A3 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 -13.0
Buick Verano with side airbags
model tested: 2012 -17.5
Chevrolet Malibu with side airbags
model tested: 2013 -15.5
  -16.5
  -18.0
model tested: 2008 -9.0
model tested: 2005 -5.5
model tested: 2004 -5.0
Chevrolet Malibu without side airbags
model tested: 2004 -5.0
Dodge Avenger with side airbags
model tested: 2008 -16.5
Dodge Stratus without side airbags
model tested: 2004 3.5
Ford Fusion with side airbags
model tested: 2013 -12.0
model tested: 2007 -8.5
model tested: 2006 -8.0
Ford Fusion without side airbags
model tested: 2006 -7.0
Ford Mustang 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2010 -23.0
Honda Accord 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 -18.5
  -18.5
Honda Accord 4-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 -15.0
model tested: 2011 -10.0
model tested: 2008 -11.0
model tested: 2004 -3.5
Honda Accord 4-door without side airbags
model tested: 2004 -4.0
Hyundai Sonata with side airbags
model tested: 2011 -11.0
model tested: 2006 -1.0
model tested: 2004 1.5
Kia Optima with side airbags
model tested: 2011 -11.5
model tested: 2008 -1.5
Mazda 6 with side airbags
model tested: 2014 -16.5
model tested: 2009 -13.0
Mazda 6 without side airbags
model tested: 2004 1.0
Mitsubishi Galant with side airbags
model tested: 2008 -9.5
model tested: 2005 -11.0
Mitsubishi Galant without side airbags
model tested: 2004 -14.0
Nissan Altima with side airbags
model tested: 2013 -12.5
model tested: 2009 -7.5
model tested: 2008 -10.5
Nissan Altima without side airbags
model tested: 2005 4.0
Nissan Maxima with side airbags
model tested: 2009 -10.0
model tested: 2005 -1.0
Pontiac G6 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 -3.0
Pontiac G6 without side airbags
model tested: 2006 -2.0
Saturn AURA with side airbags
model tested: 2008 -7.0
Saturn L Series with side airbags
model tested: 2004 2.5
Subaru Legacy with side airbags
model tested: 2010 -14.0
model tested: 2006 -14.0
model tested: 2005 -13.5
  -9.0
Subaru Outback with side airbags
model tested: 2010 -15.0
  -17.5
Suzuki Kizashi with side airbags
model tested: 2010 -14.0
Suzuki Verona with side airbags
model tested: 2005 -1.5
Suzuki Verona without side airbags
model tested: 2004 -1.5
Toyota Camry with side airbags
model tested: 2012 -12.5
model tested: 2007 -16.0
model tested: 2004 -4.0
Toyota Camry without side airbags
model tested: 2004 -7.0
Toyota Prius v with side airbags
model tested: 2012 -10.5
  -11.0
Volkswagen Jetta sedan with side airbags
model tested: 2011 -13.0
model tested: 2005 -15.5
Volkswagen Passat with side airbags
model tested: 2012 -16.5
model tested: 2006 -14.0
Volvo C30 with side airbags
model tested: 2009 -9.0
Volvo S40 with side airbags
model tested: 2005 -11.5
*Negative numbers indicate the amount by which the crush stopped short of the seat centerline.

Side / Driver injury measures

  Head HIC-15 Neck Shoulder Torso Pelvis Left femur
Tension (kN) Compression (kN) Lateral deflection (mm) Lateral force (kN) Max. defl. (mm) Avg. defl. (mm) Max. defl. rate (m/s) Max. viscous criterion (m/s) Iliac force (kN) Acetabulum force (kN) Combined acetabulum & iliac force (kN) L-M force (kN) L-M moment (Nm) A-P moment (Nm)
Audi A3 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 300 no data no data 41 1.8 31 29 3.46 0.44 1.6 2.0 3.4 0.2 55 19
Buick Verano with side airbags
model tested: 2012 330 0.6 0.2 40 1.8 36 33 3.76 0.42 1.5 1.7 3.2 0.9 113 25
Chevrolet Malibu with side airbags
model tested: 2013 440 1.4 0.2 50 1.6 41 36 4.21 0.66 2.2 3.3 4.9 1.0 31 126
  310 1.3 0.2 40 1.6 44 35 3.65 0.68 1.8 2.1 3.5 0.9 58 33
  390 1.2 0.2 43 1.8 45 40 5.24 0.79 1.2 2.7 3.7 0.7 22 99
model tested: 2008 493 1.2 0.1 48 2.1 32 30 3.37 0.51 1.8 3.1 4.7 0.5 62 17
model tested: 2005 292 1.1 0.5 45 1.6 32 28 5.04 0.59 1.6 3.4 4.8 0.7 89 29
model tested: 2004 532 0.9 0.9 63 2.8 45 34 5.29 0.97 1.6 3.4 4.6 0.8 103 42
Chevrolet Malibu without side airbags
model tested: 2004 1606 2.0 1.3 51 2.8 48 39 8.12 1.49 2.8 3.8 6.3 0.8 129 42
Dodge Avenger with side airbags
model tested: 2008 179 1.0 0.2 57 1.8 48 41 6.32 0.76 0.9 3.2 3.9 0.8 158 59
Dodge Stratus without side airbags
model tested: 2004 134 2.3 0.1 63 3.9 70 58 8.81 2.55 5.5 3.0 8.5 0.3 95 39
Ford Fusion with side airbags
model tested: 2013 365 0.9 0.4 40 1.8 33 30 2.15 0.33 2.0 1.6 3.5 0.5 25 69
model tested: 2007 136 1.3 0.7 40 2.0 26 21 4.03 0.39 1.9 3.4 4.8 0.3 41 19
model tested: 2006 183 1.5 0.6 36 1.8 24 20 4.34 0.49 2.9 3.9 6.3 0.7 84 31
Ford Fusion without side airbags
model tested: 2006 649 2.3 1.2 53 2.8 50 39 7.54 1.67 4.0 3.4 7.4 0.3 64 44
Ford Mustang 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2010 297 0.8 0.8 42 1.5 37 30 3.62 0.60 0.7 2.4 3.0 0.4 181 70
Honda Accord 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 223 1.0 0.4 42 1.5 33 26 3.82 0.42 1.5 2.6 3.7 1.3 205 48
  180 1.0 0.2 36 1.4 26 24 4.11 0.40 1.3 2.2 3.3 1.0 195 25
Honda Accord 4-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 298 1.1 0.1 48 1.2 31 26 5.77 0.48 1.5 1.5 2.5 1.2 62 176
model tested: 2011 418 1.0 0.2 55 1.8 44 37 3.13 0.65 2.7 2.5 4.8 1.2 147 51
model tested: 2008 331 1.0 0.2 47 2.0 40 30 3.33 0.58 2.9 2.0 4.6 1.1 142 32
model tested: 2004 488 0.8 0.1 37 2.2 43 34 4.75 0.98 2.0 3.1 4.6 0.9 110 25
Honda Accord 4-door without side airbags
model tested: 2004 2548 2.1 0.4 68 5.4 49 35 6.30 1.55 2.4 2.9 5.0 0.3 63 33
Hyundai Sonata with side airbags
model tested: 2011 455 1.2 0.3 42 1.7 33 31 2.90 0.41 1.7 2.5 4.2 1.1 212 73
model tested: 2006 294 1.2 0.1 48 1.9 49 39 6.60 1.17 4.6 3.2 7.7 0.4 65 44
model tested: 2004 484 1.3 0.1 44 1.8 57 39 6.98 1.90 4.7 3.8 8.3 0.9 92 35
Kia Optima with side airbags
model tested: 2011 287 1.3 0.6 33 2.0 36 32 6.07 0.51 2.1 0.8 2.6 0.7 199 53
model tested: 2008 273 1.0 0.7 43 1.6 39 33 6.34 0.81 3.0 2.9 5.9 0.8 77 45
Mazda 6 with side airbags
model tested: 2014 182 0.9 0.4 30 1.4 31 28 3.39 0.45 2.2 1.9 4.0 0.3 172 9
model tested: 2009 391 0.9 0.2 35 1.5 27 25 3.01 0.29 3.8 1.3 4.7 0.5 71 39
Mazda 6 without side airbags
model tested: 2004 2165 2.1 0.0 47 3.3 50 37 5.14 0.99 5.4 2.5 7.9 1.2 160 80
Mitsubishi Galant with side airbags
model tested: 2008 465 1.5 -0.2 30 2.7 37 34 4.69 0.75 1.9 3.0 4.6 0.7 208 53
model tested: 2005 327 1.5 0.4 49 2.1 41 40 8.89 1.10 0.9 1.9 2.8 0.2 111 39
Mitsubishi Galant without side airbags
model tested: 2004 890 2.0 0.4 59 6.0 48 35 7.00 1.39 1.6 2.6 4.0 0.4 158 65
Nissan Altima with side airbags
model tested: 2013 292 1.3 0.4 29 1.3 32 30 3.60 0.52 1.4 2.6 3.8 1.3 58 204
model tested: 2009 295 1.0 0.1 46 1.7 46 40 6.40 0.85 1.6 1.8 3.3 2.4 50 269
model tested: 2008 286 1.0 0.1 40 1.6 41 36 4.19 0.76 1.4 2.6 4.0 1.9 231 26
Nissan Altima without side airbags
model tested: 2005 2609 3.0 0.7 57 3.0 43 36 6.92 1.07 5.2 3.1 7.9 1.8 258 55
Nissan Maxima with side airbags
model tested: 2009 161 0.6 0.2 35 1.3 36 32 4.11 0.41 2.3 1.1 2.3 1.2 221 64
model tested: 2005 372 1.3 0.1 53 1.8 60 56 6.25 1.60 2.2 3.0 4.4 1.5 301 26
Pontiac G6 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 440 1.2 0.3 48 1.4 34 31 3.94 0.58 1.9 2.8 4.4 1.2 116 35
Pontiac G6 without side airbags
model tested: 2006 927 1.8 0.6 59 3.0 53 41 5.73 1.53 2.6 3.4 5.4 1.2 126 42
Saturn AURA with side airbags
model tested: 2008 210 1.1 0.4 54 2.0 34 29 4.23 0.60 1.8 3.0 4.5 0.3 69 25
Saturn L Series with side airbags
model tested: 2004 284 1.8 0.7 61 3.7 44 35 8.44 1.58 3.8 3.6 7.3 0.8 79 44
Subaru Legacy with side airbags
model tested: 2010 358 0.1 0.5 49 1.5 40 31 2.84 0.68 1.2 3.0 4.1 0.6 55 37
model tested: 2006 234 0.8 0.3 55 1.6 46 39 3.83 0.83 1.3 3.0 4.1 0.8 212 52
model tested: 2005 360 1.6 0.2 58 4.3 58 50 6.19 1.50 2.5 3.7 6.2 0.5 160 33
Subaru Outback with side airbags
model tested: 2010 91 0.4 0.6 19 1.3 32 29 3.77 0.38 1.7 2.9 4.6 0.6 68 12
  116 0.7 0.0 36 1.2 33 27 2.42 0.44 1.2 3.1 4.2 0.5 45 15
Suzuki Kizashi with side airbags
model tested: 2010 256 1.0 0.4 24 1.1 33 31 3.31 0.45 2.0 1.9 3.8 0.3 140 92
Suzuki Verona with side airbags
model tested: 2005 435 1.2 0.3 46 1.5 31 26 6.70 0.87 5.3 3.3 8.6 1.2 186 31
Suzuki Verona without side airbags
model tested: 2004 1091 2.5 1.1 64 5.8 52 46 7.73 1.76 3.9 2.7 6.6 0.7 111 33
Toyota Camry with side airbags
model tested: 2012 312 0.9 0.2 39 1.6 29 20 3.48 0.31 2.0 1.8 3.7 0.4 88 44
model tested: 2007 182 0.5 0.1 41 2.0 35 29 2.00 0.39 2.3 3.0 5.0 0.3 71 29
model tested: 2004 406 0.8 0.2 51 1.8 38 29 5.59 0.74 3.0 3.4 6.0 0.4 53 28
Toyota Camry without side airbags
model tested: 2004 1619 2.0 0.0 62 4.5 46 31 5.31 1.07 2.4 2.8 4.5 0.6 118 37
Toyota Prius v with side airbags
model tested: 2012 317 0.8 0.6 33 2.2 30 21 2.81 0.38 2.5 1.3 3.6 0.9 32 32
  457 0.8 0.6 51 1.6 36 26 4.40 0.67 2.3 2.1 4.3 0.6 57 39
Volkswagen Jetta sedan with side airbags
model tested: 2011 97 0.8 0.2 43 1.5 43 40 4.94 0.98 2.6 2.5 4.9 0.8 31 149
model tested: 2005 302 0.6 0.5 36 1.7 34 26 4.04 0.62 1.3 2.4 3.4 0.8 88 32
Volkswagen Passat with side airbags
model tested: 2012 413 1.0 0.0 32 1.6 36 33 3.00 0.50 2.4 1.7 4.0 1.3 56 149
model tested: 2006 168 1.2 0.0 41 1.9 28 26 2.78 0.43 1.7 1.7 3.3 0.4 54 19
Volvo C30 with side airbags
model tested: 2009 274 1.0 0.0 44 1.5 40 33 3.27 0.48 1.5 3.0 4.0 0.2 110 47
Volvo S40 with side airbags
model tested: 2005 199 1.2 0.4 46 1.9 51 48 4.69 1.01 1.2 2.4 3.6 0.3 54 23

Side / Passenger injury measures

  Head HIC-15 Neck Shoulder Torso Pelvis Left femur
Tension (kN) Compression (kN) Lateral deflection (mm) Lateral force (kN) Max. defl. (mm) Avg. defl. (mm) Max. defl. rate (m/s) Max. viscous criterion (m/s) Iliac force (kN) Acetabulum force (kN) Combined acetabulum & iliac force (kN) L-M force (kN) L-M moment (Nm) A-P moment (Nm)
Audi A3 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 146 0.3 0.2 42 2.0 31 28 2.59 0.33 0.3 2.9 3.1 0.4 48 28
Buick Verano with side airbags
model tested: 2012 138 0.2 0.4 11 0.8 19 15 2.00 0.19 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.7 56 23
Chevrolet Malibu with side airbags
model tested: 2013 330 0.4 0.6 44 1.6 41 32 3.64 0.64 0.4 2.1 2.4 0.7 18 68
  310 0.2 0.8 32 1.1 30 23 3.48 0.32 0.2 1.8 1.9 0.4 128 92
  140 0.2 0.7 13 0.8 20 16 2.39 0.18 0.2 1.7 1.9 0.5 50 98
model tested: 2008 249 0.1 0.5 39 2.0 36 26 3.92 0.38 1.2 3.0 3.8 0.4 159 18
model tested: 2005 174 0.9 0.2 29 1.5 35 27 3.89 0.58 0.8 2.4 2.8 0.5 165 35
model tested: 2004 94 0.1 0.5 34 1.5 36 28 3.84 0.61 0.6 2.0 2.1 0.5 177 43
Chevrolet Malibu without side airbags
model tested: 2004 722 1.9 0.1 35 1.5 38 30 3.63 0.61 1.1 2.5 3.3 0.3 124 31
Dodge Avenger with side airbags
model tested: 2008 184 0.3 0.2 34 1.6 46 31 3.64 0.72 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 184 30
Dodge Stratus without side airbags
model tested: 2004 258 1.1 0.1 49 1.7 48 36 4.71 0.68 2.0 1.6 3.4 0.7 199 19
Ford Fusion with side airbags
model tested: 2013 153 0.3 0.3 38 1.4 35 24 2.92 0.42 0.6 2.7 3.0 0.6 21 100
model tested: 2007 136 0.3 0.6 43 1.7 38 32 4.29 0.61 2.1 2.9 4.6 1.0 132 27
model tested: 2006 99 0.4 0.4 40 2.2 34 30 3.46 0.53 1.8 3.2 4.5 1.0 97 46
Ford Fusion without side airbags
model tested: 2006 242 0.2 0.8 38 1.9 37 30 3.70 0.66 1.5 2.8 3.9 0.8 125 28
Ford Mustang 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2010 796 1.6 0.2 49 1.1 40 28 4.63 0.69 2.5 1.0 3.5 0.5 60 21
Honda Accord 2-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 131 0.2 0.8 22 1.1 30 23 4.94 0.45 0.5 2.1 2.3 0.5 92 52
  127 0.3 0.8 29 1.4 25 17 1.86 0.23 0.2 1.6 1.8 0.4 60 51
Honda Accord 4-door with side airbags
model tested: 2013 151 0.2 0.7 37 1.2 33 26 4.37 0.45 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.0 34 158
model tested: 2011 109 0.2 0.1 35 1.2 37 28 4.76 0.47 0.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 170 41
model tested: 2008 358 0.4 0.2 31 1.4 32 26 3.04 0.40 0.3 1.4 1.6 1.2 149 45
model tested: 2004 408 0.5 0.2 27 1.5 26 24 2.99 0.37 0.8 1.8 2.2 0.8 122 43
Honda Accord 4-door without side airbags
model tested: 2004 680 1.6 1.0 28 1.6 30 24 2.81 0.48 0.5 1.7 2.0 0.9 168 41
Hyundai Sonata with side airbags
model tested: 2011 166 0.3 1.5 28 1.4 37 32 3.83 0.57 0.7 1.6 2.1 0.3 151 22
model tested: 2006 174 0.6 0.2 29 1.5 35 31 3.22 0.54 0.6 2.4 3.0 0.4 89 52
model tested: 2004 228 0.8 0.8 30 1.7 45 30 4.09 0.67 0.6 2.2 2.7 0.8 103 44
Kia Optima with side airbags
model tested: 2011 181 0.2 0.5 20 1.1 28 23 3.13 0.43 0.2 1.0 1.1 0.5 148 62
model tested: 2008 304 0.2 0.4 32 1.5 29 25 3.18 0.33 0.2 2.3 2.3 1.3 176 61
Mazda 6 with side airbags
model tested: 2014 183 0.3 0.4 31 1.2 34 29 3.04 0.51 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.4 208 78
model tested: 2009 203 0.3 0.7 30 1.1 38 29 2.84 0.42 1.1 2.0 2.8 0.6 155 32
Mazda 6 without side airbags
model tested: 2004 384 0.3 1.0 40 1.8 57 42 4.94 1.11 0.8 1.9 2.6 0.4 198 37
Mitsubishi Galant with side airbags
model tested: 2008 174 0.5 0.1 40 1.5 40 25 4.08 0.53 1.3 1.9 2.8 0.6 153 63
model tested: 2005 356 1.4 0.1 41 1.7 41 31 3.38 0.67 0.7 0.9 1.5 0.4 142 37
Mitsubishi Galant without side airbags
model tested: 2004 332 1.4 0.2 34 1.7 34 23 3.54 0.59 0.7 1.2 1.5 0.3 172 38
Nissan Altima with side airbags
model tested: 2013 159 0.3 0.6 37 1.4 39 29 3.40 0.71 0.4 1.5 1.7 1.4 28 160
model tested: 2009 299 0.7 0.2 27 1.3 38 32 2.90 0.44 0.4 2.1 2.3 0.6 45 114
model tested: 2008 341 0.4 0.4 10 0.7 47 30 3.20 0.64 0.8 2.0 2.7 0.8 125 34
Nissan Altima without side airbags
model tested: 2005 443 2.3 0.1 25 1.3 43 34 3.35 0.70 0.6 2.0 2.6 1.2 109 55
Nissan Maxima with side airbags
model tested: 2009 109 0.4 0.2 31 1.3 27 20 4.09 0.21 0.7 1.6 2.2 0.6 107 16
model tested: 2005 205 0.9 0.1 36 2.0 29 18 1.68 0.29 0.2 2.8 2.8 0.9 89 60
Pontiac G6 with side airbags
model tested: 2006 222 0.6 0.3 38 1.8 54 40 3.81 1.02 1.3 2.9 4.0 0.3 35 19
Pontiac G6 without side airbags
model tested: 2006 608 2.0 0.1 46 1.9 53 42 4.25 1.11 1.7 3.4 4.6 0.5 91 29
Saturn AURA with side airbags
model tested: 2008 103 0.8 0.2 47 2.1 43 33 3.96 0.62 0.8 2.5 2.9 0.3 213 33
Saturn L Series with side airbags
model tested: 2004 386 0.6 0.4 46 1.7 32 30 4.07 0.45 0.7 2.1 2.6 0.9 250 17
Subaru Legacy with side airbags
model tested: 2010 161 0.3 0.9 32 1.1 28 25 2.57 0.23 0.9 3.2 3.7 0.4 59 10
model tested: 2006 299 0.2 0.4 31 1.6 33 30 3.02 0.49 0.8 2.3 2.8 0.5 81 27
model tested: 2005 384 0.0 1.2 37 1.6 31 27 3.44 0.45 0.9 2.3 3.0 0.6 85 65
Subaru Outback with side airbags
model tested: 2010 128 0.5 0.2 36 1.1 27 23 2.76 0.27 2.1 2.8 4.8 0.3 84 47
  144 0.1 0.4 28 1.5 22 18 2.56 0.19 1.7 2.8 4.2 0.5 68 35
Suzuki Kizashi with side airbags
model tested: 2010 213 0.2 1.0 15 0.9 38 25 3.73 0.53 0.3 2.7 2.9 0.3 79 34
Suzuki Verona with side airbags
model tested: 2005 225 1.5 0.3 35 1.7 22 18 3.33 0.26 0.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 342 115
Suzuki Verona without side airbags
model tested: 2004 559 1.7 0.3 61 3.3 45 40 5.05 0.84 0.9 1.9 2.1 2.5 311 75
Toyota Camry with side airbags
model tested: 2012 52 0.2 0.3 14 0.4 21 18 3.81 0.16 0.7 1.4 1.9 1.1 183 41
model tested: 2007 68 0.2 0.8 16 0.9 27 23 4.04 0.38 1.3 2.9 4.0 0.2 57 23
model tested: 2004 321 0.3 0.9 35 1.6 49 34 3.83 0.89 1.8 2.3 3.9 0.9 109 43
Toyota Camry without side airbags
model tested: 2004 275 0.9 1.0 36 1.6 57 40 5.49 1.33 2.0 1.7 3.4 0.6 107 32
Toyota Prius v with side airbags
model tested: 2012 57 0.4 0.4 30 1.3 31 15 3.36 0.49 0.6 2.8 3.1 1.1 107 22
  86 0.1 0.4 38 1.4 25 19 5.39 0.30 0.1 2.1 1.8 1.7 70 125
Volkswagen Jetta sedan with side airbags
model tested: 2011 313 0.3 0.6 38 1.2 42 40 3.83 0.65 0.7 2.2 2.6 0.3 59 57
model tested: 2005 134 0.1 0.5 42 2.5 37 29 2.53 0.55 0.3 3.0 3.2 2.2 148 46
Volkswagen Passat with side airbags
model tested: 2012 127 0.3 1.1 27 1.3 30 27 3.78 0.47 0.4 1.6 1.6 2.0 189 46
model tested: 2006 283 0.1 0.5 31 1.6 33 29 4.00 0.65 1.4 3.7 4.9 0.5 109 42
Volvo C30 with side airbags
model tested: 2009 310 0.2 0.2 31 1.1 37 24 2.79 0.59 0.5 2.6 2.6 0.6 117 44
Volvo S40 with side airbags
model tested: 2005 253 0.3 0.5 32 1.5 34 30 3.35 0.38 0.3 2.2 2.4 0.4 110 41

©1996-2013, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Highway Loss Data Institute
1005 N. Glebe Road, Suite 800, Arlington, VA 22201 USA | tel 703/247-1500 | fax 703/247-1588