Driving carries extra risk for them.
In the United States, teenagers drive less than all but the oldest people, but their numbers of crashes and crash deaths are disproportionately high. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2013. [Unpublished analysis of 2008 data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's National Household Travel Survey, General Estimates System, and Fatality Analysis Reporting System]. Arlington, VA. In the United States, the fatal crash rate per mile driven for 16-19 year-olds is nearly 3 times the rate for drivers ages 20 and over. Risk is highest at ages 16-17. In fact, the fatal crash rate per mile driven is nearly twice as high for 16-17 year-olds as it is for 18-19 year-olds.
Beginning in the mid-1990s, all states have adopted graduated licensing systems, which phase in full driving privileges. National studies of graduated licensing found that strong laws were associated with substantially lower fatal crash rates and substantially lower insurance claim rates among young teen drivers covered by the laws. Strong restrictions on nighttime driving and teen passengers, as well as raising the licensing age, reduced rates of fatal crashes and insurance collision claims. McCartt, A.T.; Teoh, E.R.; Fields, M.; Braitman, K.A.; and Hellinga, L.A. 2010. Graduated licensing laws and fatal crashes of teenage drivers: a national study. Traffic Injury Prevention 11:240-48. Trempel, R.E. 2009. Graduated driver licensing laws and insurance collision claim frequencies of teenage drivers. Arlington, VA: Highway Loss Data Institute.
The following facts are based on analysis of data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS).
Posted November 2016.
A total of 2,715 teenagers ages 13-19 died in motor vehicle crashes in 2015. This is 69 percent fewer than in 1975 and 3 percent more than in 2014. About 2 of every 3 teenagers killed in crashes in 2015 were males. Since 1975 teenage crash deaths have decreased more among males (73 percent) than among females (58 percent).
In 2015, teenagers accounted for 7 percent of motor vehicle crash deaths. They comprised 10 percent of passenger vehicle (cars, pickups, SUVs, and vans) occupant deaths among all ages, 5 percent of pedestrian deaths, 3 percent of motorcyclist deaths, 8 percent of bicyclist deaths and 13 percent of all-terrain vehicle rider deaths.
Seventy-nine percent of teenage crash deaths in 2015 were passenger vehicle occupants. The others were pedestrians (10 percent), motorcyclists (5 percent), bicyclists (2 percent), riders of all-terrain vehicles (2 percent) and people in other kinds of vehicles (2 percent). The percentage of crash deaths that were passenger vehicle occupants is lowest for age 13 (53 percent) and highest for ages 17-18 (83 percent).
In 2014, the latest year for which data are available, motor vehicle crashes were the leading cause of death among 13-19 year-old males and females in the United States. National Centers for Injury Prevention and Control. 2015. Leading causes of death reports, national and regional, 1999 - 2014. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available: http://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/leadcaus10_us.html.
In 2015, 62 percent of deaths among passenger vehicle occupants ages 16-19 were drivers.
In 2015, 55 percent of the deaths of teenage passengers in passenger vehicles occurred in vehicles driven by another teenager. Among deaths of passengers of all ages, 12 percent occurred when a teenager was driving.
In 2015, belt use among fatally injured passenger vehicle drivers ages 16-17 (55 percent) was higher than among fatally injured drivers ages 18-19 (46 percent), and those ages 20-59 (42 percent), but lower than among drivers 60 and older combined (63 percent). Among fatally injured 16-19 year-old occupants, belt use among passengers (34 percent) was considerably lower than among drivers (49 percent). Note that belt use among those fatally injured is not always accurately recorded, but it gives an indication of relative belt use rates in serious crashes by age group.
Among passenger vehicle drivers ages 16-19 involved in fatal crashes in 2015, 43 percent were involved in single-vehicle crashes. This was higher than for drivers ages 25 and older (38 percent).
From 1975 to 2015, the rate of passenger vehicle drivers involved in fatal crashes per 100,000 people declined by 64 percent for teenagers ages 16-19 (from 47.6 to 17.2), 49 percent for people ages 20-34 (from 38.7 to 19.8), 38 percent for people ages 35-69 (from 20.5 to 12.7), and 20 percent for people 70 and older (from 15.4 to 12.3). The teenage passenger vehicle fatal crash involvement rate increased in 2015 for the first time since 2002, and was 11 percent higher than the rate in 2014.
The rate of deaths per 100,000 people in 2015 peaked at age 19 for male drivers (14.5) and at age 18 for male passengers (5.4). Death rates peaked at age 18 for female drivers (6) and at age 17 for female passengers (4.1).
The rate of fatal passenger vehicle crash involvements per 100 million miles traveled in 2008 was highest at ages 16-19 for male drivers and at ages 80 and over for female drivers. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2013. [Unpublished analysis of 2008 data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's National Household Travel Survey, General Estimates System, and Fatality Analysis Reporting System]. Arlington, VA.
The rate of nighttime fatal passenger vehicle crash involvements per 100 million miles traveled in 2008 was almost 4 times higher for male drivers ages 16-19 than for male drivers ages 30-59. The corresponding comparison for females yields almost 3 times the rate. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2013. [Unpublished analysis of 2008 data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's National Household Travel Survey, General Estimates System, and Fatality Analysis Reporting System]. Arlington, VA.
In 2015, teenage crash deaths occurred most often in May, June, August and October.
Fifty-two percent of motor vehicle crash deaths among teenagers in 2015 occurred on Friday, Saturday or Sunday.
Teenage motor vehicle crash deaths in 2015 occurred most frequently from 9 p.m. to midnight (17 percent), followed closely by the time between 6 and 9 p.m. (16 percent) and between 3 and 6 p.m. (15 percent).
Young drivers are less likely than adults to drive after drinking alcohol, but their crash risk is substantially higher when they do. This is especially true at low and moderate blood alcohol concentrations (BACs). Voas, R.B.; Torres, P.; Romano, E.; and Lacey, J.H. 2012. Alcohol-related risk of driver fatalities: an update using 2007 data. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 73(3):341-350. The estimated percentage of fatally injured passenger vehicle drivers ages 16-17 who had BACs at or above 0.08 percent in 2015 was 15 percent, down 63 percent since 1982. Most of this decline took place in the 1980s. This age group experienced the greatest decline in alcohol involvement, compared with a 56 percent decline for drivers ages 18-20, a 32 percent decline for drivers ages 21-30, and a 37 percent decline for drivers older than 30.
Among fatally injured teenage drivers in 2015, females were less likely than males to have high BACs. Among fatally injured passenger vehicle drivers ages 16-17, 18 percent of males and 9 percent of females had BACs at or above 0.08 percent. Among fatally injured drivers ages 18-19, 26 percent of males and 19 percent of females had BACs at or above 0.08 percent.
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